{"id":"DUT-AL-009","kind":"duty","level":"federal","jurisdiction":"United States (Alabama is a federal-OSHA State without a State plan)","state":"AL","metro":"","industry":"","agency":"","eco":"","issuer":"Congress of the United States (Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, § 5)","authority":"Pub. L. 91-596, § 5, 84 Stat. 1593 (Dec. 29, 1970), codified at 29 U.S.C. § 654","instrument":"29 U.S.C. § 654(a)(1)-(2) (the general duty clause)","title":"Duties of employers and employees","dateIssued":"1970-12-29","effective":"standing","end":"standing","startDate":"1970-12-29","endDate":"2021-09-30","quarters":["2020Q2","2020Q3","2020Q4","2021Q1","2021Q2","2021Q3"],"types":["DUTY","EMP"],"addressees":["employers (every employer under 29 U.S.C. § 652(5)); employees (§ 654(b))"],"clause":"(a) Each employer— (1) shall furnish to each of his employees employment and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to his employees; (2) shall comply with occupational safety and health standards promulgated under this chapter.","enforcement":"civil penalties under 29 U.S.C. § 666 (willful or repeated violations up to the inflation-adjusted maximum; serious violations); criminal penalties for willful violations causing death","functions":[],"notes":"Every Alabama employer engaged in a business affecting commerce had to keep its workplace free from the recognized hazard of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and comply with OSHA standards (respiratory protection, PPE, sanitation, recordkeeping), enforced by federal OSHA under the Interim and Updated Enforcement Response Plans and the National Emphasis Program (Exs. AGY-FED-LABOR-IMMIGRATION-020, -024, -025, -026, -087) against the measures described in OSHA 3990 and \u0027Protecting Workers\u0027 (Exs. AGY-FED-LABOR-IMMIGRATION-029, -030).","sourceUrl":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2020-title29/pdf/USCODE-2020-title29-chap15-sec654.pdf","snapshot":"","fileExists":true,"fileBytes":128162,"grade":"primary","character":"workplace_duty","description":"","collection":"DUT-AL","url":"/library/DUT-AL-009","exhibitUrl":"/exhibit/DUT-AL-009","citation":"Congress of the United States (Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, § 5), 29 U.S.C. § 654(a)(1)-(2) (the general duty clause) (standing) (Ex. DUT-AL-009)","stateName":"Alabama","related":["AGY-FED-LABOR-IMMIGRATION-020","AGY-FED-LABOR-IMMIGRATION-029","DUT-AL-010","DUT-FED-001","DUT-MO-008","DUT-MS-012","DUT-MS-017","DUT-NE-017","DUT-OH-013","DUT-PA-006","DUT-RI-012","DUT-TX-013"]}