{"id":"LAW-015","kind":"law","level":"law","jurisdiction":"","state":"","metro":"","industry":"","agency":"","eco":"","issuer":"Supreme Court of the United States","authority":"Burrage v. United States, 571 U.S. 204 (2014)","instrument":"Burrage v. United States, 571 U.S. 204 (2014)","title":"Burrage v. United States, 571 U.S. 204 (2014)","dateIssued":"2014-01-27","effective":"","end":"","startDate":"2014-01-27","endDate":"","quarters":[],"types":[],"addressees":[],"clause":"The Controlled Substances Act does not define the phrase \u0022results from,\u0022 so we give it its ordinary meaning.... A thing \u0022results\u0022 when it \u0022[a]rise[s] as an effect, issue, or outcome from some action, process, or design.\u0022... \u0022Results from\u0022 imposes, in other words, a requirement of actual causality. \u0022In the usual course,\u0022 this requires proof \u0022\u0027that the harm would not have occurred\u0027 in the absence of--that is, but for--the defendant\u0027s conduct.\u0022... courts regularly read phrases like \u0022results from\u0022 to require but-for causality. Our interpretation of statutes that prohibit adverse employment action \u0022because of\u0022 an employee\u0027s age or complaints about unlawful workplace discrimination is instructive.","enforcement":"","functions":[],"notes":"The syllabus (571 U.S. at 205) records that the Court \u0027declines to adopt the Government\u0027s permissive interpretation of \u0022results from\u0022 to mean that use of a drug distributed by the defendant need only contribute to an aggregate force.\u0027 Tri-State at 18 relies on Burrage at 216.","sourceUrl":"https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/service/ll/usrep/usrep571/usrep571204/usrep571204.pdf","snapshot":"","fileExists":true,"fileBytes":218362,"grade":"primary","character":"case","description":"","collection":"LEG-A","url":"/library/LAW-015","exhibitUrl":"/exhibit/LAW-015","citation":"Supreme Court of the United States, Burrage v. United States, 571 U.S. 204 (2014) (Jan. 27, 2014) (Ex. LAW-015)","stateName":"","related":[]}