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Ex. LAW-018 Legal authority Primary source read

Rubin v. United States, 449 U.S. 424 (1981)

Rubin v. United States, 449 U.S. 424 (1981)

Supreme Court of the United States (Legal authority)

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The record

Level
Legal authority
Authority
Rubin v. United States, 449 U.S. 424 (1981)
Issued
1981-01-21 Jan. 21, 1981
In force
Jan. 21, 1981 (no end date recorded; counted as in force for 120 days)
Character
case

Operative words

We have stated time and again that courts must presume that a legislature says in a statute what it means and means in a statute what it says there.... When the words of a statute are unambiguous, then, this first canon is also the last: "judicial inquiry is complete." (Germain, 503 U.S. at 253-54). "When we find the terms of a statute unambiguous, judicial inquiry is complete, except 'in rare and exceptional circumstances.'" (Rubin, 449 U.S. at 430)

Notes

Tri-State applies Germain at 16 (refusing to 'adopt additional requirements not provided for in the statute') and at 17-18 (the meaning of 'due to' is plain; 'judicial inquiry is complete').